tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30507074766073587582024-02-08T12:50:26.190+01:00Peter's blog inglésPeter's blog inglés está dedicado al inglés, recursos y curiosidades.peter fhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15361023615043377843noreply@blogger.comBlogger48125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-14175730035834126052017-03-20T21:24:00.002+01:002022-02-15T09:59:09.595+01:00PERFECT MODAL VERBS<h2>
PERFECT MODAL VERBS</h2>
<u><b>must have:</b></u> conclusión lógica<br />
-<span class="example" face="MuseoSans-500" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 2px 0px;"><span style="color: red;">Anna failed the exam. She </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;"><span class="particula" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: orange;">must not have been paying</span></span></span><span style="color: red;"> attention in class.</span></span><span class="translation" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: red; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic;"> </span><span class="translation" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: red; font-size: 12px;">(Anna suspendió el examen. No debió haber estado atenta en la clase.)</span><br />
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<u><b>may have/might have:</b></u> posibilidad, incertidumbre<br />
-<span class="example" face="MuseoSans-500" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 2px 0px;"><span style="color: red;">They </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;"><span class="particula" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: orange;">might have won</span></span></span><span style="color: red;"> if their star player hadn’t been injured.</span></span><span class="translation" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: red; font-size: 12px;"> (Ellos podrían haber ganado si su mejor jugador no se hubiera lesionado.)</span><br />
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<u><b>should have:</b></u> algo no ocurrió pero hubiera sido mejor si hubiera ocurrido<br />
<span style="color: red;">-</span><span class="example" face="MuseoSans-500" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 2px 0px;"><span style="color: red;">I told you, you </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;"><span class="particula" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: orange;">should have studied</span></span></span><span style="color: red;"> more!</span></span><span class="translation" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: red; font-size: 12px;"> (Te lo dije, deberías haber estudiado más.)</span><br />
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<u><b>could have:</b></u> posibilidad en el pasado/algo era posible en el pasado pero no pasó.<br />
<span style="color: red;">-</span><span class="example" face="MuseoSans-500" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 2px 0px;"><span style="color: red;">She </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;"><span class="particula" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: orange;">could have run</span></span></span><span style="color: red;"> faster, but she wanted to save her energy.</span></span><span class="translation" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: red; font-size: 12px;"> (Ella podría haber corrido más rápido, pero quería ahorrar energía.)</span><br />
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<b><u>couldn't have/can't have:</u> </b>es bastante seguro que algo no ocurrió en el pasado.<br />
-<span class="example" face="MuseoSans-500" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 2px 0px;"><span style="color: red;">They had a lot of work to do and little time. They </span><span style="color: orange;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;"><span class="particula" style="box-sizing: border-box;">couldn’t have finished</span></span> </span><span style="color: red;">everything.</span></span><span class="translation" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: red; font-size: 12px;"> (Tenían mucho trabajo que hacer y poco tiempo. No podrían haber terminado todo.)</span><br />
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<a href="http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/could-have-should-have-would-have-exercise-1.html" target="_blank">exercises to practise</a><br />
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- MireiaThat's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-43524619564419931732017-03-09T20:29:00.002+01:002017-03-09T20:29:17.063+01:00Very common errors Spanish speakers make in English<div>
<b><u>Very common errors Spanish speakers make in English</u></b></div>
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English is the international language in our planet. For the first time in human history there are so many people that can communicate and connect without interpreters or dictionaries!</div>
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<br /> More than 2 billion people from all around the world are currently learning English. The mistakes we are making while learning a new language are not only inevitable but actually from a really necessary part in the learning process. The mistakes are the indicators of progress not only in language learning but in all kinds of learning. One of the most repetitive kinds of mistakes in language learning are the mistakes that are based in our mother tongue. </div>
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The Spanish language is spoken in 21 countries by more than 500 million people many of whom are trying to learn English. Scientists have found out that the majority of the Spanish speaking learners of English very often make the same mistakes no matter of their country of origin or socio-cultural background. These mistakes are often based on the differences between the structure of the two languages.</div>
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Here are some of the most common types of mistakes that Spanish speakers make in English.</div>
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<br /><b>Adjective-Noun order</b></div>
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Adjective placement is a common source of mistakes for beginning Spanish speakers.</div>
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In English, adjectives come before the noun: <b>big </b>car, <b>blue </b>shirt, G<b>reek </b>yogurt. In Spanish, however, adjectives often come after the noun: coche <b>grande</b>, camiseta <b>azul</b>, yogur <b>griego</b>.</div>
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There are certain instances where the adjective does come before the noun in Spanish, but in the majority of the cases, it comes after. Here are a few more examples to see the difference between Spanish and English.</div>
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un hijo <b>inteligente </b>(a <b>smart </b>son)</div>
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la noche <b>tranquila </b>(the <b>calm </b>night)</div>
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el vaso <b>vacío </b>(the <b>empty </b>glass)</div>
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<b>So that is the general rule</b></div>
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<b>However,</b> typical descriptive adjectives almost always go before the nouns they modify, unless they are intended to convey a more subjective or poetic quality.</div>
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Adjectives that come before the noun</div>
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1. Non-descriptive adjectives; many of these are grammatically adjectives, though they are sometimes referred to as "determiners," "possessive pronouns," etc.</div>
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Examples:</div>
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Muchas casas [many houses]</div>
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Tu abuela [your grandmother]</div>
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Siete mesas [seven tables]</div>
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2. Meaning-changing adjectives; these adjectives can be used both before or after the noun, When used before the noun, they convey a meaning that is more subjective.</div>
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Examples:</div>
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mi vieja amiga[my old (long-time) friend] is based on the speaker's perception of their relationship</div>
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mi amiga vieja [my old (elderly) friend] </div>
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is based on the fact of the friend's age un gran hombre [a great man] </div>
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is based on someone's evaluation of the man's character un hombre grande [a big man]</div>
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is based on the man's objective size</div>
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3. Adjectives of appreciation; this is a special case where you can show an increased emphasis by placing an adjective before the noun they modify.</div>
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Example:</div>
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Es un profesor bueno [he's a good teacher] </div>
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Es un buen professor [he's an extremely good teacher]</div>
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4. Adjectives reinforcing the meaning of the noun; often these convey an increased drama, emotionality, or poeticism. </div>
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Examples:</div>
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La Hermosa vista [the beautiful view]</div>
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La blanca nieve [the white snow]</div>
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La interminable tortura [the unending torture]</div>
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That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-53494388229447392262016-06-04T12:10:00.001+02:002016-06-04T12:12:44.950+02:00Useful Phrases for Waiters and Waitresses in English<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Here are some useful phrases to use if you work in a restaurant and are serving English speaking clients:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><b>Getting customers seated</b> - <i>first you will need to check if customers have a reservation or not</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Good morning/afternoon/evening, welcome to *name of restaurant*</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Do you have a reservation?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">What name is the reservation under?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">How many people would you like a table for?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Your table isn't ready yet, would you like to have a seat at the bar and have a drink?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">It's going to be a 15 minute wait for a table, is that ok?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">*Name of the customer* your table is ready, please follow me.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Please follow me to your table.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Can I take your jackets/coats please?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><b>Once customers are seated</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Here is a menu.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Would you like to see the wine list?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Would you like to see the cocktail menu?</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Tonights specials are...</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">What can I get you to drink?</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><b>Ordering</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Are you ready to order?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Do you need more time to decide?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">What can I get you?</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Would you like me to recommend something to suit your taste?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">*Name of dish* is particularly good, I would recommend it. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><b>Dessert/Coffee</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Would you like to see a dessert menu?</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Can I get you a coffee or aperitif?</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><b>The Bill</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Is there anything else I can get you?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Would you like the bill?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Are you paying by cash or card?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">One moment I will just get the card machine.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Are you paying together or separately?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><i>For more information please enquire about our English course that has been created specifically for waiters by contacting us at:</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><i><br /></i></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><i>http://www.thats-cool-education.com/</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;"><i><br /></i></span>
<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">- Amy</span>That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-62186566065746496632016-05-30T12:03:00.004+02:002016-05-30T12:06:59.634+02:00Useful Phrases when Writing an Informal Letter/Email<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Here is a list of useful phrases to use when writing an informal letter or email:</span></div>
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<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Beginning</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
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<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Dear (first name),</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Hello (first name), </span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Hi (first name), </span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Hey (first name)</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
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<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">How are you?</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">How’re things?</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">How’s it going?</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Hope you’re well!</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Previous Contact</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thanks for your letter / email / card / text….</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
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<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Sorry I haven’t written for a while, I’ve been really busy… </span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Sorry for the late reply… </span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I haven’t heard from you in a while, I hope you’re ok.</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Referring to Good News</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
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<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I was so happy to hear about… </span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Glad to hear that... </span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Referring to Bad News</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
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<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Sorry to hear about… </span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">My thoughts are with you at this difficult time</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Apologies</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I’m writing to say sorry for… </span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Sorry I couldn’t make it to your party/wedding/christening, as… </span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I’m writing to apologise for… </span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thank you for the invite, but I can’t make it to ____________ , because… </span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Giving Good News</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I’m writing to tell you that….</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I have some good news…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">You will never guess, but…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I have something to tell you....</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Just to let you know that… </span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Giving Bad News</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Unfortunately, I have bad news…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I have something important to tell you…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I’m writing to let you know that…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Something terrible has happened…</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Attachments</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">(For a letter)</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I have enclosed…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Here is the… you wanted.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I thought you would like to see a picture of ______, so I have sent one with this letter.</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">(For an email)</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Please find attached</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">To this email I have attached a photo of ______ for you to see.</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Invitations</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Would you like to…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I have been thinking it would be lovely if we could…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Are you free this weekend/next week/next Monday/this month…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I was thinking it would be nice if we planned to do something together soon. Are you free on…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Do you have any free weekends coming up where we can see each other?</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Do you want to come to the cinema with me on Friday?</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I’ve just moved house, do you want to come and stay with me soon?</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I’m having a party on ________, can you make it?</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Are you free on Saturday?</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I was wondering if you wanted to go for a meal soon/at the weekend/next week?</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.6667px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.38; white-space: pre-wrap;">Saying Thank You</span><br />
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thank you so much for the thoughtful present, I love it!</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I’m writing to say thank you for inviting me to your party.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thank you for letting me stay with you for a few days.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thank you for making my stay at your house an enjoyable and comfortable one.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thank you for the card, it was really thoughtful of you.</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Good Luck</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Sending you lots of good luck for your driving test/exam/your interview/your new job</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Wishing you the best of luck for…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Good luck for _________, I know you will do brilliantly!</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.6667px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.38; white-space: pre-wrap;">Congratulations</span><br />
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Congratulations on passing your driving test / passing your exam / getting the job / the arrival of your baby boy/girl</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I am so proud of you for ___________, congratulations!</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Congrats on…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Well done for…</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Asking for Advice/Help</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I was wondering if you could help me with something, I need…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Could you help me with…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I really need your help / advice with something…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Can you do me a favour please? I need…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I would be so grateful if you could help me…</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Giving Advice</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">If I were you, I would…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">You should really…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Make sure you…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I really think you should...</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.6667px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.38; white-space: pre-wrap;">Making a Recommendation</span><br />
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I went to an amazing restaurant / bar / city / place … You would love it there.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">When I went on holiday to ________ , I really enjoyed ________. You should go there too!</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Make sure you visit _________</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I think you would really like __________</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">I saw a really good film at the weekend and I thought you would enjoy it, it’s called _________</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Ending the Letter</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Hope to hear from you soon!</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Write soon!</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Give my love to…</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Say hello to your mum for me!</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Pass my love on to your family from me.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Take care.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Look after yourself.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Thanks again for...</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.6667px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.38; white-space: pre-wrap;">Signing Off</span><br />
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Lots of love,</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">All my love,</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Love,</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Love from,</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Best wishes,</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">All the best,</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Bye for now,</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Speak soon,</span></div>
<b style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></b>
<br />
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;">
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Now just don’t forget to sign your name!</span><br />
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">- Amy</span></div>
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<br />That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-17104798280518770352016-05-23T21:18:00.004+02:002022-02-15T09:58:43.688+01:00Writing emails in English<br />
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif"><br /></span>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">In today's global business world most of communication is
done via email. This can be tricky*, as we rely only on words to convey
meaning. How to make sure the email is still polite and will have a positive
effect on our reader?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">Follow
these five steps to make sure your emails sound polite and professional.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">1.<span style="font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Start with a greeting</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">2.<span style="font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Thank the recipient</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">3.<span style="font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Explain the purpose of the email</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">4.<span style="font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Add your closing remarks</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">5.<span style="font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->End with a closing</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">1. Start with a
greeting<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">Choosing a greeting depends on the relationship you have
with the recipient. If you know them (well), you can start with 'Dear Peter' or
'Hi Martha'. If the relationship is more formal use their family name, eg.
'Dear Mr./Mrs./Ms. Fernandez'. If you don't know the name of the recipient
write 'Dear Sir, Madam' or 'To who this may concern'.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">2. Thank the
recipient<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">To start your email politely and to refer back to previous
email contact you might have had, thank the recipient by saying 'Thanks for
your email' or, more formally, 'Thank you for sending/replying/etc'. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-US"><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">3. Explain the purpose of the email<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">To make sure you won't lose the reader's attention, state
the purpose of your email early on. You could use 'I am writing to enquire**
about..' or 'I am writing with reference to..'. More informal would be 'I'm
writing about/regarding..' Remember that most people receive a lot of emails
every day and therefore want to find out quickly why they have received it and
what the sender wants them to do.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">4. Add your closing
remarks<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">It's polite in English to close your email with a nice
remark. You could say ' Thank you for your consideration/coorperation'. Or 'In
case you have any questions/concerns, please don't hesitate to contact me'.
Another one is ' I look forward to hearing from you/receiving your reply'.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">5. End with a closing<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">Closing the email depends on how you have opened it. In case
you know the recipient and your relationship is informal, you could say 'Best
(regards)', 'Thanks' or 'Cheers'. If your relationship is more formal use
'Yours sincerely' when you know the recipient's name and 'Yours faithfully'
when you don't.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">Finally, before you hit send, make sure there are no
spelling mistakes in your email and have attached any files you want to
send. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><i><span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">Glossary<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">*tricky - difficult /<span lang="EN-US">ˈ</span>trɪk.i/ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">** enquire - ask about /ɪn<span lang="EN-US">ˈ</span>kwaɪər/</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span face="Trebuchet MS, sans-serif">Kirsten</span></div>
That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-39841859779615237902015-11-11T20:17:00.002+01:002022-02-15T09:58:30.840+01:00PRESENT PERFECT, ESE TIEMPO VERBAL TAN ODIADO....<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; line-height: normal; text-align: center;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<b>PRESENT PERFECT</b></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Se forma con el have o has + past participle ( -ed de verbos regulares o 3ª columna de verbos irregulares)</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Para mí y para muchos el tiempo verbal más complicado de todos.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
¿por qué? Pues porque lo usamos de diferente manera en inglés que en castellano. </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Vemos una frase. Si decimos:</div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
I’ve lived in L’Hospitalet for 5 years. </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
¿seguimos viviendo en L’Hospitalet o no? Si lo traducimos de forma literal “He vivido en L’Hospitalet durante 5 años” indica que ya no vivo allí. En inglés no es así. Esta frase significa que llevo 5 años viviendo en L’hospitales y todavía vivo allí.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Los diferentes usos de Present Perfect en inglés nos dan una pista. algunos son como en castellano pero otros no.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Uso 1</div>
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Usamos el Present Perfect para hablar de que hemos hecho una acción pero no decimos cuanto.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
I’ve eaten snake.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Si dijera cuando hice la acción no podría usar el present perfect y debería usar el past simple ya que digo una marca de pasado. Osea, cuando pasó la acción es un tiempo acabado.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
I ate snake in my last travel to china last year.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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Uso 2 </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
con palabras como just para decir que has hecho algo recientemente.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
I don’t want to eat anything I’ve just had a sandwich.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Uso 3</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
relacionados el pasado con el presente. Esto lo hacemos dando a entender que empezamos ha hacer una acción que todavía sigue de alguna manera ahora.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
I’ve written three books since I worked as a writer.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
He escrito tres libros hasta el momento de ahora. El tiempo no se ha acabado: desde que empecé hasta ahora. Si podemos añadir esto a un tiempo verbal casi seguro que será un present perfect.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Veamos por ejemplo si es un escritor que ha muerto. El escritor escribió libros hasta que murió por lo tanto la acción de escribir no llega hasta el momento de ahora sino que sólo hasta que murió.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Shakespeare wrote twenty novels. no podríamos decir <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22; text-decoration: line-through;">Shakespeare has written twenty novels</span>.</div>
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<br /></div>
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Éste es el uso que es más diferente al castellano. Hay que ver si el tiempo se ha acabado y por tanto usaremos un past simple. Si no se ha acabado, usaremos entonces un Present Perfect.</div>
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Hay palabras que van casi siempre con Present Perfect aunque no siempre. Digamos que se asocian con un 95% de probabilidad.</div>
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Estas palabras son: already, yet, for, since, just.</div>
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La posición en las frases es distinta</div>
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I’ve <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">already</span> eaten in the new fashion restaurant. (delante del verbo principal eaten. Traducción: ya)</div>
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I haven’t eaten in the new fashion restaurant <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">yet</span>. (en frases negativas al final. Traducción:todavía)</div>
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Have you eaten in the new fashion restaurant <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">yet</span>? (en frases interrogativas al final. Traducción: ya)</div>
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I’ve eaten in the new fashion restaurant <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">for</span> five weeks (para indicar el periodo de tiempo que hemos hecho algo, casi siempre se pueden contar, menos frases hechas como “for along time”, etc.. Traducción: durante)</div>
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I’ve eaten in the new fashion restaurant <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">since</span> last week. (para indicar el punto en el pasado desde el que se ha hecho la acción hasta ahora. Traducción: desde)</div>
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La palabra “ago” se usa sólo para Past Simple. Nunca en Present Perfect.</div>
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That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-48389002541413936852015-11-08T18:52:00.002+01:002022-02-15T09:58:18.650+01:00<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal;">
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<span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;"><b>USOS DE LOS GERUNDIOS E INFINITIVOS</b></span></div>
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Para empezar diré que cuando vemos una forma verbal con -ing nuestra mente va directamente a la traducción de un gerundio. Esto no es siempre así. Sólo cuando ese verbo con -ing esté con el verbo to be para hacer un tiempo verbal que sea continuo será gerundio, sino no. </div>
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veamos. El verbo eat puede tener tres formas distintas en infinitivo:</div>
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eat——- lo que llamamos en inglés bear infinitive que significa infinitivo sin nada más</div>
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to eat———- el infinitivo con to</div>
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eating———— el infinitivo con ing</div>
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Por tanto las tres formas se pueden traducir como “comer” en castellano.</div>
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El los libros de gramática o los resúmenes de gramática de la gran mayoría de libros de texto siguen llamando a la forma verbal con -ing gerundio y a las otras infinitivos ( con to o sin to). Pero no debemos perder de vista lo que hemos dicho. A lo que se le llama gerund en castellano puede ser gerundio unas veces y otras infinitivo. Creo que esto tiene que quedar muy claro sino luego hay confusión de conceptos.</div>
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Veamos los casos en los que podemos tener gerundios y los casos en los que tenemos los infinitivos:</div>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 152px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">Cuando está de sujeto , objeto o complemento de una frase</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 151px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">para expresar propósito y se traduce como “para”</span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 24px; padding: 4px; width: 152px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">después de una preposición</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 24px; padding: 4px; width: 151px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">después de muchos adjetivos </span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 24px; padding: 4px; width: 152px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">después de : help, let, make, would rather, had better</span></td>
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Veamos los casos rápidamente uno a uno con un ejemplo.</div>
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GERUND</div>
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1- Cuando funciona como sujeto.</div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">Eating</span> junk food is not good for your health—-> Comer comida basura no es bueno para tu salud.</div>
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2- Después de una preposición. </div>
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I’m very good <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22;">at</span> <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">playing</span> tennis——-> Soy muy bueno jugando al tenis</div>
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La preposición at obliga a poner la forma con -ing del verbo que tengamos.</div>
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3- Después de ciertos verbos.</div>
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Lo mejor es hacerse una lista de verbos y intentar recordarlos. Si estos verbos aparecen y tiene otro detrás, el de detrás estará con la forma -ing.</div>
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I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">like</span> <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(157, 69, 185); color: #9d45b9;">reading</span> books, I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">finished</span> <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(157, 69, 185); color: #9d45b9;">cleaning</span> my room, I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">will consider</span> <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(157, 69, 185); color: #9d45b9;">running</span> the marathon.</div>
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la estructura siempre es la misma:</div>
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primer verbo en cualquier tiempo<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black;"> + </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(157, 69, 185); color: #9d45b9;">segundo verbo siempre con -ing</span></div>
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cuadro de verbos que tienen el segundo verbo con -ing</div>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 60px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">adore, detest,, dislike, enjoy, don’t mind, can’t stand, like, love, admit, avoid, can’t help, consider, delay, deny, feel like, forgive, give up, imagine, involve, keep, mind, miss, postpone, put off, practice, prevent, regret, resist, risk, suggest</span></td>
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Por ejemplo : I adore buying gifts at Christmas</div>
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We enjoy playing tennis at the weekend</div>
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They can’t help dancing when they are at the disco.</div>
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INFINITIVE</div>
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1- Para expresar propósito y se traduce como “para”.</div>
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I went to my parent’s house <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">to have dinner.</span></div>
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they study <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">to pass</span> the exam.</div>
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2- Después de algunos adjetivos.</div>
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por ejemplo: delighted, disappointed, easy, happy, important, lucky, necessary, normal, possible, surprised.</div>
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Por ejemplo: It isn’t very easy <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">to read</span> a book in English.</div>
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<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>I’m very happy <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">to know</span> she is going to get married.</div>
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3- Después de algunos verbos.</div>
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Igual que pasaba con el gerundio. Si vemos alguno de estos verbos pondremos el siguiente con infinitivo con “to”. La complicación viene cuando tenemos también otras palabras que pueden aparecer como por ejemplo un objeto directo entre medio. Veamos las dos estructuras:</div>
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<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>a- primer verbo+ segundo verbo con “to”</div>
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<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>b- primer verbo+ objeto directo (me/you/him/her/them/us…)+ segundo verbo con “to”</div>
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cuadro de verbos con infinitivo con “to”</div>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">primer verbo</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 112px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(108, 32, 133); color: #6c2085; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">segundo verbo con”to”</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">primer verbo</span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"> + </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(209, 127, 21); color: #d17f15; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">objeto directo</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 112px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(108, 32, 133); color: #6c2085; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">segundo verbo con “to”</span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 84px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">promise, (can’t) afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, choose, decide, deserve, expect, fail, hesitate, hope, learn, manage, offer, prepare, pretend, refuse, seem</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 84px; padding: 4px; width: 112px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">cualquier verbo</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 84px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">advise, allow, enable, encourage, force, invite, order, persuade, recommend, remind, teach, tell, warn</span></td>
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I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">promise</span> <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(107, 33, 133); color: #6b2185;">to bring </span>the music with me for the party</div>
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I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">promised</span> <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(107, 33, 133); color: #6b2185;">to bring</span> the music and I did.</div>
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I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">allowed</span> <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(209, 127, 20); color: #d17f14;">you</span> <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(107, 33, 133); color: #6b2185;">to tell</span> my secret, but I now everybody knows about it</div>
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I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">invite</span> <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(209, 127, 20); color: #d17f14;">Anne</span> <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(107, 33, 133); color: #6b2185;">to come</span> to my birthday party. She is a well-known singer.</div>
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Para complicarlo un poco más tenemos una tercera categoría que puede ir con GERUNDIO o con INFINITIVO CON TO. </div>
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Algunos verbos podemos tenerlos con las dos cosas y pueden entonces significar lo mismo o por el contrario son diferentes según la forma que usemos:</div>
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Son indistintos:</div>
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A- <i>love, like, hate </i>and <i>prefer </i>normalmente van con otro verbo con ing pero pueden ir también con un verbo con to sin diferencia de significado.</div>
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I love going to the cinema / I love to go to the cinema.</div>
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hate es común con infinitivos con to, por ejemplo: I hate to interrupt, but….</div>
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Después de like podemos encontrarnos un infinitivo con to cuando significa tener el hábito de: I like to have a shower when I arrive home.</div>
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B- Los verbos beguin, star, continue e intend pueden ir con gerundio o con infinitivo con to sin cambio de significado.</div>
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I started to cry /crying when I hit my finger with the hammer.</div>
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C. Algunos verbos si tiene diferencia si ponemos otro verbo on ing o con infinitivo con to. Veamos los más comunes en esta tabla:</div>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>remember/forget+ gerund ( recordar algo del pasado lejano o cercano)</b></span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>remember/fotget+ inf with to ( no acordarse de hacer algo)</b></span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 24px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">I remember going to the big lake when I was a child</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 24px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">Don’t forget to take the coat with you it’s cold outside.</span></td>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>go on+ gerund (continuar con la misma actividad)</b></span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>go on + inf with to (cambiar de actividad)</b></span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 35px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">I go on studying for four hours</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 35px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">Daniel stopped writing in the newspaper and went on to be a successful manager in a medical company.</span></td>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>mean+ gerund ( significa) </b></span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>mean+ inf with to ( tener la intention de)</b></span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">diets mean giving up sweet things like chocolate</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">I meant to go to the meeting but I completely forgot.</span></td>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>need+, gerund (con significado de pasiva)</b></span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>need + inf with to (con significado de activa)</b></span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">My car needs repairing (it needs to be repaired)</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"> I need to get a new dress for the party</span></td>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>stop + gerund (dejar de hacer algo, por ej. un hábito)</b></span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>stop + inf with to (para hacer algo)</b></span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">I stopped smoking three years ago</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">I stop to smoke a cigarette because the journey was too long.</span></td>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 24px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>try + gerund (experimentar haciendo algo para ver que sucede)</b></span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 24px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>try + inf with to ( intentar hacer algo pero no conseguirlo)</b></span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">I tried resting but my uncle still hurts</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">I tried to stop the dog, but he ran away.</span></td>
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That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-6884710012204234662015-11-08T17:57:00.004+01:002022-02-15T09:58:05.426+01:00INDIRECT QUESTIONS<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal;">
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<b>INDIRECT QUESTIONS</b></div>
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Las indirect questions no son más que otra forma de hacer una pregunta. Muchas expresiones se pueden usar para hacer preguntas de una forma más indirecta.</div>
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¿Por qué queremos hacer este tipo de preguntas indirectas? Cuando hablamos o escribimos de una manera más formal usamos las indirect questions. Sobre todo vamos a encontrarlas también en la parte escrita del examen del First Certificate y también en la parte de transformations.</div>
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¿Cómo se hacen?</div>
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usamos expresiones como:</div>
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Could you tell me …</div>
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Would you mind telling (me/us …</div>
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We’d like to know …</div>
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I’d be interested to know..</div>
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Could you explain…</div>
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veamos como podemos transformar una pregunta directa en una indirecta:</div>
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pregunta directa: 1 What time is it? 2 Where does she go? 3 When did you meet?</div>
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pregunta indirecta 1. podemos usar por ejemplo “could you tell me..” y luego la pregunta original pero a la que tendremos que poner como si fuera en orden afirmativo. Quedaría así:</div>
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Could you tell me <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">what time it is</span>? no podríamos decir: <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: line-through;">Could you tell me </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22; text-decoration: line-through;">what time is ti</span><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: line-through;">?</span> </div>
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podríamos hacer otra pregunta indirecta usando otra expresión delante:</div>
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Por ejemplo:</div>
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I’d like to know <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">what time it is</span>. or Would you mind telling me <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">what time it is?</span></div>
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En esta pregunta tenemos el verbo to be en la frase y para quitar la pregunta sólo tenemos que invertir el orden. En preguntas como la 2 o la 3 tenemos un auxiliar que se deberá quitar para hacer la pregunta en presente o pasado o el tiempo verbal que sea.</div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">V</span>eamos ejemplos de preguntas indirectas con la frase 2 y 3 para que quede más claro:</div>
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Could you tell me <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">where she goes</span>? no podríamos decir <span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: line-through;">Could you tell me </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22; text-decoration: line-through;">where does she go</span><span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: line-through;">?</span></div>
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I was wondering if you could tell me <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">when you met</span>?</div>
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no diríamos I was wondering if you could tell me <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22;">when did you meet</span>?</div>
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Cuando no hay Question Word (palabra de pregunta como por ejemplo What, where, etc..) pondremos un IF o WHETHER que significan los dos SI. Veamos un ejemplo:</div>
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Are you waiting for anybody?———-> I’d like to know<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(85, 19, 107); color: #55136b;"> </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">if</span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(85, 19, 107); color: #55136b;"> </span>you are waiting for somebody.</div>
That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-13049161780663703302015-11-08T17:52:00.002+01:002022-02-15T09:57:54.894+01:00-ED and -ING forms<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(35, 35, 35); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #232323; font-family: Baskerville; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; min-height: 16px;">
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SPELLING -ED AND -ING</div>
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<b>SPELLING PARA -ED Y -ING</b><br />
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Hoy vemos que hay tiempos verbales a los que se les añade algo al verbo principal. Un -ED para los verbos regulares en past simple y un -ING para el gerundio de los verbos en past continuous o present continuous.</div>
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Muchas veces vemos que se doblan letras de los verbos pero no sabemos por qué o a veces hay cambios de letras. Veamos más detenidamente estas reglas que se aplican muchas veces:</div>
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doblamos cuando un verbo acaba en consonante ,vocal tónica y consonante ( regla del C<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22;">V</span>C). doblamos la última consonante al añadir -ED o -ING. Por ejemplo: r<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22;">u</span>n—-> running st<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22;">o</span>p—-stopped .</div>
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Si la vocal anterior no es tónica no doblamos la consonante(CVC). Por ejemplo : <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22;">o</span>pen——> opened</div>
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Hay excepciones a esta regla. Si el verbo acaba en -l normalmente siempre se dobla la -l aunque delante no tenga una vocal tónica. Por ejemplo: tr<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22; text-decoration: underline;">a</span>vel———> travelling, travelled</div>
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<span style="font-kerning: none; text-decoration: underline;">Formas con -ING</span></div>
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1-Lo normal es añadir -ING al final del verbo y ya está, pero tenemos varias variantes como en el caso de añadir -ED.</div>
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2-Si el verbo acaba con -e quitamos la e y ponemos -ING:</div>
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ride——-> riding</div>
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make——> making</div>
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3-Si acaban con -ee se pone una -ING como si fuera normal:</div>
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agree———> agreeing</div>
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see———> seeing</div>
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4- Si el verbo acaba con -ie cambiamos la -ie por una -y y añadimos el -ing:</div>
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die——-> dying</div>
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lie——>lying</div>
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5- Si acaba con la regla de C<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22;">V</span>C, donde la vocal es tónica se dobla la última consonante. Igual que con los acabados con -ED. si la vocal no es tónica no se dobla. (menos los que acaban el -l, como travel—-> travelling):</div>
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jog—>jogging</div>
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run—-> running</div>
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prefer—->preferring</div>
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begin——>beginning</div>
That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-35014421691574833992015-11-08T17:50:00.001+01:002022-02-15T09:57:43.301+01:00PAST SIMPLE OR PAST CONTINUOUS<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; text-align: center;">
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<b>diferencias entre past simple or past continuous.</b><span style="font-size: 11px; line-height: normal;"> </span></div>
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<b>El past simple indica:</b></div>
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1-Una acción completa en el pasado que sucedió en un tiempo específico. (normalmente con una marca de tiempo en pasado: last month, last day, yesterday, 3 days ago, when I was a child, etc..)</div>
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por ejemplo : I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">went</span> to the cinema <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(107, 33, 133); color: #6b2185;">last night</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>we <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">played</span> football in the street <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(107, 33, 133); color: #6b2185;">when I was a child</span>.</div>
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2- Una acción o situación realizada que sucedió durante un periodo de tiempo (normalmente con “for” mas el periodo de tiempo.</div>
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por ejemplo: I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">lived</span> in L’Hospitalet <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(107, 33, 133); color: #6b2185;">for</span> three years</div>
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<br /></div>
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Más importante que la acción aquí es el tiempo. </div>
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El tiempo siempre será pasado. Si decimos last week, es que estamos en la siguiente semana. Si decimos last month es que el mes se ha acabado y estamos en el siguiente. podemos decir Yesterday si estamos en el día de hoy, también podríamos decir this morning si la mañana se ha pasado y estamos por ejemplo por la tarde. </div>
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No podríamos decir <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22; text-decoration: line-through;">I ate an apple today</span> si today no se ha acabado, pero podríamos decir <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">I ate an apple this morning</span> si estamos por la tarde.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<b>El Past continuous indica:</b></div>
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1-una acción o situación temporal que estuvo en progreso en el pasado. </div>
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Por ejemplo: This time last week <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">we were visiting </span>some friends in the south of France</div>
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<br /></div>
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2- Para empezar a poner en situación una historia narrada.</div>
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Por ejemplo al empezar un writing ponemos en situación al lector diciendo:</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; color: #578726; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
It was snowing<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black;"> heavily and </span>the wind was blowing<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black;">. </span>My family and I were walking<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black;"> in the mountains…..</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b>Lo difícil surge cuando aparecen los dos tiempos verbales en frases concretas. Veamos las posibilidades que tenemos:</b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22;">situación A.</span> Todas las acciones son consecutivas en el pasado. ( todas en past simple)</div>
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I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">got up</span>, I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">had a shower</span> and I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">had breakfast</span>. After that I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">went</span> to work. </div>
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Aquí vemos que todas las acciones ocurren una después de la otra, por tanto las ponemos en pasado simple.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22;">situación B.</span> Todas las acciones están en progreso en el pasado al mismo tiempo (todas en past continuous)</div>
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While I <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">was studying</span>, my mum <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">was cooking</span> dinner.</div>
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Las dos son acciones que se estaban realizando en ese mismo momento.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 45, 34); color: #ff2d22;">situación C.</span> Una acción se estaba realizando y otra ocurre de repente. (una en past continuous-la que se estaba realizando- y la otra en past simple -la que interrumpe.)</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
I was <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(87, 135, 38); color: #578726;">having a shower</span> when the phone <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(107, 33, 133); color: #6b2185;">rang.</span></div>
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while I was cooking, my bother came. </div>
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podemos escribirlas al revés cambiando el while y el when.</div>
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While I was having a shower, the phone rang o the phone rang when I was having a shower.</div>
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I was cooking when my brother came or my brother came when I was cooking</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Aunque no siempre tenemos la palabra while con past continuous y when con past simple, es lo más normal.</div>
That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-85651312574511766822015-10-21T11:09:00.001+02:002022-02-15T09:57:32.945+01:00FAMILY MEMBERS AND RELATIVES<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: "Gill Sans"; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; text-align: center;">
FAMILY MEMBERS and RELATIVES</div>
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family: Parents and their children thought of as a group. (usually living in the same house). Familia.</div>
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relative: person who is connected with another by blood or marriage;<br />
a member of one's family. Familiares o parientes.</div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>BOTH</b></span></h2>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>MALE</b></span></h2>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"><b>FEMALE</b></span></h2>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">parents</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">father / dad / daddy</span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">mother / mum / mummy / mom (AE)</span></td>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">grandparents</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">grandfather / granddad</span></td>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">grandmother / grandma / granny</span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">son</span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">daughter</span></td>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">grandchildren</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">grandson</span></td>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">granddaughter</span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">———</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">uncle</span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">aunt</span></td>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">cousins</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">cousin</span></td>
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<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">cousin</span></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">———-</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">brother</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">sister</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">nephew</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">niece</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">husband</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">wife</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">boyfriend</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">girlfriend</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">fiancé</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">fiancée</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">parents-in-law</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">father-in-law</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">mother-in-law / in loo/</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">son-in-law (yerno)</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"> daughter-in-law</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">brother-in-law</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">sister-in-law</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">widower</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">widow</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">great grandparents</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">great grandfather</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">great grandmother</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">great great grandparents</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">great great grandfather</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">great great grand mother</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 23px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">stepfather</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">stepmother</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">stepson</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">stepdaughter</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">stepbrother</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">stepsister</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 66px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 88px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">half-brother</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 70px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 111px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">half-sister</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #efefef; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 102px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-87660042736628159242015-10-20T22:49:00.004+02:002022-02-15T09:57:20.025+01:00PRONOMBRES PERSONALES, TO BE Y ADJETIVOS POSESIVOS<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b>Las personas en inglés</b></div>
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<b></b><br /></div>
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los pronombres en inglés son : entre // pongo cómo suenan</div>
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I /ai/ yo</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
you /yuu/ tu</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
he /jii/ con una jota suave, el</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
she /shii/ ella</div>
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it /it/ esto, (para una cosa o animal)</div>
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we /güí/ nosotros/as</div>
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you /yuu/ vosotros/as</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
they /dei/ ellos/ellas/estos (para varias cosas o animales)</div>
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<br /></div>
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Es muy importante en inglés que siempre se escriba el pronombre ya que de no hacerlo estaríamos haciendo un imperativo u orden.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
I live in Barcelona, She is a teacher… no se diría: live in Barcelona, is a teacher.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
El pronombre “I” siempre se escribe en mayúsculas aunque esté en medio de una frase.</div>
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El pronombre you es igual en singular que en plural. Para saber de cual se trata cuando hablamos o escribimos siempre está el contexto para ayudarnos.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
usamos he para un hombre, she para una mujer y it para una cosa singular</div>
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usamos they para unos hombres, unas mujeres o unas cosas en plural.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b>el verbo to be</b> es el verbo ser o estar y sólo tiene tres formas : am / am/ , is /is/ , are /aa/</div>
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<br /></div>
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cada persona tiene su forma del verbo to be.</div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b>Las personas en inglés</b></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<b></b><br /></div>
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los pronombres en inglés son : entre // te pongo cómo suenan</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
I /ai/ yo</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
you /yuu/ tu</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
he /jii/ con una jota suave, el</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
she /shii/ ella</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
it /it/ esto, (para una cosa o animal)</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
we /güí/ nosotros/as</div>
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you /yuu/ vosotros/as</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
they /dei/ ellos/ellas/estos (para varias cosas o animales)</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Es muy importante en inglés que siempre se escriba el pronombre ya que de no hacerlo estaríamos haciendo un imperativo u orden.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
I live in Barcelona, She is a teacher… no se diría: live in Barcelona, is a teacher.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
El pronombre “I” siempre se escribe en mayúsculas aunque esté en medio de una frase.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
El pronombre you es igual en singular que en plural. Para saber de cual se trata cuando hablamos o escribimos siempre está el contexto para ayudarnos.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
usamos he para un hombre, she para una mujer y it para una cosa singular</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
usamos they para unos hombres, unas mujeres o unas cosas en plural.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<b>el verbo to be</b> es el verbo ser o estar y sólo tiene tres formas : am / am/ , is /is/ , are /aa/</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
cada persona tiene su forma del verbo to be.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 38px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">I</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 38px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">am</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 1px 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 39px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">singular</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 0px; height: 14px; padding: 4px; width: 38px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">you</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 14px; padding: 4px; width: 38px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">are</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 1px 1px; height: 14px; padding: 4px; width: 39px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">singular</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 0px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 38px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">he/she/it</span></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 38px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">is</span></td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 1px 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 39px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">singular </span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 0px; height: 24px; padding: 4px; width: 38px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">we/you/they</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 24px; padding: 4px; width: 38px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">are</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 1px 1px; height: 24px; padding: 4px; width: 39px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">plural</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0px 0px; height: 14px; padding: 4px; width: 38px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0px; height: 14px; padding: 4px; width: 38px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px 1px; height: 14px; padding: 4px; width: 39px;" valign="top"><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; min-height: 14px;">
<br /></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
las formas del verbo to be también se pueden acortar y se llaman Short forms. Las short forms para am, is y are son : ‘m , ’s, ‘re </div>
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Donde hay un apóstrofe antes había una letra. por tanto podremos tener I’m, you’e, he’s, they’re o it’s como contracciones or short forms of the verbo to be.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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recordamos que podemos substituir una persona o cosa por su pronombre personal y que se podrá escribir en forma corta o larga.</div>
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<br /></div>
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Anne is at home Anne’s at home (forma corta) she is at home (substituido por el pronombre) y she’s at home ( pronombre y forma corta)</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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otros ejemplos son:</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
My mother is at the restaurant</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
She is at the restaurant</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
she’s at the restaurant</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
my mother’s at the restaurant</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Hasta aquí las formas en afirmativo del verbo to be. Veamos ahora <b>la forma negativa.</b></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Podemos hacer la forma negativa del verbo to be añadiendo not al lado del verbo pero entonces podemos tener más formas de decir una negativa. Lo normal sería unir el verbo + <span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 44, 32); color: #ff2c20;">not </span> y contraer cómo hemos visto con un apóstrofe:</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
am not= no se contrae entre sí nunca are not = are<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 44, 32); color: #ff2c20;">n’t</span></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
is not= is<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(255, 44, 32); color: #ff2c20;">n’t</span></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Por tento ahora podremos tener:</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
I am a good friend—— I am not a good friend ——- I’m not a good friend </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
en este ejemplo lo normal es que la negativa sea la primera frase y la segunda cuando queremos enfatizar el no y por eso lo ponemos sólo, para poder hacer hincapié en él cuando hablemos.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; min-height: 13px; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); -webkit-text-stroke-width: initial; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 11px; line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
Antonio is a friend of the family. Antonio isn’t a friend of the family or Antonio’s not a friend of the family or Antonio is not a friend of the family. todas son correcta. </div>
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He de decir que hablando se usa mucho las formas contraídas porque son más rápidas o más fáciles. Si queremos escribir de forma formal NO deberíamos hacer contracciones. </div>
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<b>La forma interrogativa del verbo to be.</b></div>
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Para poder hacer preguntas con el verbo to be sólo necesitamos invertir el orden del pronombre y el verbo. Es decir ponemos la forma del verbo to be delante de la persona.</div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">forma afirmativa</span></div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">forma negativa</span></div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">You are Spanish</span></div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">Are you Spanish?</span></div>
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<td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); height: 14px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><div align="justify" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">She is a Student</span></div>
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<td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); height: 14px; padding: 4px; width: 231px;" valign="top"><div align="justify" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">Is she a student?</span></div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">Her brother is in Barcelona</span></div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">Is her brother in Barcelona?</span></div>
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<td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><div align="justify" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">Antonio is your best friend</span></div>
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<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">Is Antonio your best friend?</span></div>
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Las respuestas en inglés pueden ser cortas o largas. Las cortas son equivalentes a decir si o no en castellano pero no sólo debemos escribir yes o no en la respuesta , sino que debemos escribir la persona y el verbo to be. (ya veremos que con otros verbos funciona de una forma un poco distinta).</div>
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Are you from England? ——— Yes, I am. or No, I’m not. ( si lo soy, no, no lo soy)</div>
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is she Portuguese?————— Yes, she is or No, She isn’t ( si lo es, no no lo es)</div>
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is your mother Portuguese?——Yes, she is or No, she isn’t.</div>
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Las respuestas cortas afirmativas nunca se apostrofan para hacerlas mas cortas. Ya son muy cortas.! </div>
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Las respuestas largas incluirían la información adicional que teníamos en la pregunta.</div>
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Are you from England? ———— Yes, I’m from England. No, I’m not from England</div>
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Is she Portuguese?——————- Yes, she’s Portuguese. No, she isn’t Portuguese.</div>
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<b>Adjetivos posesivos</b></div>
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<b></b><br /></div>
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Los adjetivos posesivos se colocan al lado de un nombre para informar de quién es ese nombre.</div>
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My house, my mother, your house, your mother, her house and her mother.</div>
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En inglés son:</div>
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<td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">Mi</span></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 231px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">My</span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">Tu</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 231px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">your</span></td>
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<td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); height: 14px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">su</span></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); height: 14px; padding: 4px; width: 231px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">his/her/its</span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 231px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">our</span></td>
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<td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">vuestro/a/s</span></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 231px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">your</span></td>
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<td style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 232px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">suyo/a/s</span></td>
<td style="background-color: #eeeeee; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; height: 13px; padding: 4px; width: 231px;" valign="top"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: black; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">their</span></td>
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Como podemos ver su en castellano tiene tres posibilidades en Inglés:</div>
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his si decimos que es de un hombre, her si decimos que es de una mujer, its si decimos que es de una cosa o un animal. Ejemplos:</div>
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His car is in the street———— Su coche está en la calle ( su de él)</div>
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Her car is in the street————-Su coche está en la calle (su de ella)</div>
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Its car is in the street————— Su coche está en la calle ( su de un animal, por ejemplo un coche de juguete)</div>
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Para los adjetivo posesivos como vemos no hay cambios en las formas en plural. Da lo mismo que sean masculinos o femeninos o cosas.</div>
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Cuidado con It’s y Its:</div>
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It’s es It is———- esto es it’s a house. es una casa o esto es una casa</div>
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Its es —————su Its house is in the garden. Su casa está en el jardín ( de un perro, por ejemplo).</div>
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That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-47785170262712414542014-06-12T20:29:00.002+02:002022-02-15T09:57:06.304+01:00THE ENGLISH WE SPEAK<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/theenglishwespeak/index.shtml" target="_blank">The English We Speak</a> is a weekly podcast by the BBC that focuses on everyday slang and idioms used by us British people. Each piece of language is put into context, making it easier to understand. Transcripts are included for anything you didn't catch. Try it and don't miss any of the past idioms!</div>
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Will</div>
That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-31233599257083976232013-10-07T20:04:00.002+02:002022-02-15T09:56:37.475+01:00SPEAKING QUESTIONSHello everybody,<br />
Here you are a good page where you can find alot of questions to practice speaking.<br />
You can use it to prepare FCE speaking for example or just as good speaking practice in class or with someone else.<br />
<br /> <br />
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Click on the image to start.<br />
Hope you enjoy it!!!!!! <br />
Peter F. That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-620490038524963412012-11-12T20:04:00.003+01:002022-02-15T09:55:00.877+01:00LEARN ENGLISH WITH APPS<span face="Verdana,sans-serif">Here you have the learning Apps from the british council. Good for everybody!!!!</span><br />
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<span face="Verdana,sans-serif">Peter F. </span>That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-90688597918104239692012-11-10T21:36:00.004+01:002022-02-15T09:54:46.726+01:00Articulo Interesante de TeaTime-MagHola a tod@s os dejo el enlace a un interesante artículo sobre las diferencias entre British y American English con video incluido de la revista on line TeaTime-Mag. Os podéis suscribir y os llegan artículos nuevos cada cierto tiempo.<br />
Hasta pronto y recordad leer mucho en inglés , escuchar más y hablar por los codos.<br />
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<br />That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-20077325182000710712012-10-01T13:10:00.001+02:002012-10-01T13:19:51.151+02:00Must, mustn't, have to, don't have toVamos a hablar de los modales de obligación must y have to ya que nos lo habéis pedido en un post anterior.<br />
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Recordemos que detrás de un modal siempre escribimos otro verbo sin nada mas. Por ejemplo decimos: <span style="color: #38761d;">"I must go"</span> y no <strike><span style="color: red;">"I must to go"</span></strike>. En el caso del verbo "have to" funciona como bloque y detrás ponemos un verbo sin nada mas. <span style="color: #38761d;">"I have to go"</span> y no <strike><span style="color: red;">"I have to to go"</span></strike><br />
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¿Qué significa must? Pues es el verbo <span style="color: #38761d;">deber.</span><br />
¿Qué significa Have to? Pues es la expresión <span style="color: #38761d;">tener que</span>.<br />
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En castellano esto plantea un problema inmediato que es que se usan indistamente uno u el otro con el mismo significado. Tengo que ir al médico o debo ir al médico. Las dos cosas son muy parecidas o incluso iguales para nosotros.<br />
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¿Qué pasa en inglés? ¿Cuál es la diferencia?<br />
Muy simple vamos a usar <b>must</b> cuando la obligación es interna ( nos la imponemos nosotros mismos) y vamos a usar <b>have to</b> cuando la obligación es externa ( nos la impone algo o alguien que no somos nosotros---por ejemplo una ley , un superior, una empresa, etc..)<br />
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Unos ejemplos:<br />
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Debo ir al médico---- I <b>must</b> go to the doctor's----- ( impuesta por nosotros)<br />
Tengo que ir al médico -----I<b> have to</b> go to the doctor's ----- ( impuesta por otra persona, por ejemplo mi madre o mi padre)<br />
Todo depende del contexto y quién imponga la obligación. Por tanto debemos mirar muy bien el contexto de la frase o de la conversación.<br />
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Otro ejemplo sería:<br />
Tengo deberes por hacer y digo: I <b>have to</b> do my homework------> en este caso digo <b>have to</b> y no <b>must</b> porque los deberes me los ha impuesto el profesor . (obligación externa).<br />
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¿Podría decir "I<b> must</b> do my homework"? pues claro, como hemos dicho depende del contexto. El contexto normal es el que hemos visto en el que el profesor nos pone los deberes pero si el contexto cambia y por ejemplo me impongo yo los deberes porque no los quiero dejar para otro día , entonces podría decir " I <b>must</b> do my homework".<br />
En los ejercicios de <b>must</b> y <b>have to</b> la diferencia se verá claramente y en una conversación con alguien todavia mejor ya que el contexto es inequívoco.<br />
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Recordad cómo hacemos los negativos de las dos formas y las preguntas de las dos formas.<br />
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you must.. you mustn't.. must you....?<br />
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you have to .. you don't have to.. Do you have to...? <br />
he has to .. he doesn't have to.. Does he have to...?<br />
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Ahora que ya sabemos hacer las negativas y preguntas tenemos otra dificultad:<span style="color: magenta;"> <b>Las formas negativas no significan lo mismo que en castellano.</b></span><br />
Vamos a verlo en un gráfico y luego lo explico.<br />
<br />
<br />
Para MUST su negación es MUSTN'T<br />
Para HAVE TO su negación real también es MUSTN'T.<br />
DON'T HAVE TO se usa para decir que algo no es necesario que se haga.. La traducción no es "no tengo que hacer" sino "no tengo por qué hacer" (no es necesario) de ahí la confusión que nos crean los negativos del must y have to a los castellano parlantes.<br />
<br />
Veamos que significa <b>mustn't</b>. ---> I mustn't use my mobile in class. -----> la traducción sería no debo o no tengo que usar mi telefono porque esta prohibido ( en este caso puedo traducirlo de las dos maneras). Por tanto mustn't indica <span style="color: #38761d;">prohibición</span> .<br />
<br />
<br />
Resumiento:<br />
<b> Must</b> y <b>have to</b> indican <span style="color: #38761d;">obligación</span> con las diferencias que hemos visto. ( obligación interna o externa).<br />
<b>Mustn't</b> indica <span style="color: #38761d;">prohibición.</span><br />
<b>Don't have to</b> o <b>doesn't have to</b> indican <span style="color: #38761d;">falta de necesidad</span> o que <span style="color: #38761d;">no es necesario</span> hacer algo pero si queremos podemos hacerlo.<br />
<br />
Para algunos ejercicios y que quede mas claro os dejo estos enlaces:<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals-have-to-must-not.htm"> http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals-have-to-must-not.htm</a><br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.better-english.com/grammar/mustnt.htm">http://www.better-english.com/grammar/mustnt.htm</a><br />
<br />
Espero que os ayude con vuestras dudas. <br />
Espero vuestros comentarios.<br />
Peter. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />That's Cool Teachershttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01076627765355980552noreply@blogger.com17tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-17457691320605902772012-03-19T09:01:00.000+01:002012-03-19T09:04:25.586+01:00GANADOR CURSO GRATIS EN THAT'S COOL EDUCATIONEnhorabuena, el ganador del curso gratis en nuestro centro es:<br />
Mauro Llanos<br />
FELICIDADES!!!!!!!!!peter fhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15361023615043377843noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-80851585232867144872011-12-14T15:33:00.004+01:002011-12-16T02:24:03.762+01:00PAST PERFECT AND PAST SIMPLEUsamos past perfect cuando hablamos de que una acción sucedió antes de otra acción que estará descrita en past simple.<br /><br />Me explico. Si todas las acciones son consecutivas usamos siempre past simple. Como en castellano.<br />ejemplo: I <span style="font-weight: bold;">got up</span> and then I <span style="font-weight: bold;">had</span> breakfast.After that I <span style="font-weight: bold;">went</span> to school.<br /><br />Una acción sigue a la otra y podemos escribirlas todas en past simple.<br /><br />Ahora bien, veamos que pasa con estas dos frases:<br /><br />When I <span style="font-weight: bold;">arrived</span> to the party they <span style="font-weight: bold;">ate</span> the cake. primero llego y luego ellos/as se comen el pastel.<br /><br />When I<span style="font-weight: bold;"> arrived</span> to the party they <span style="font-weight: bold;">had eaten</span> the cake. Yo llegué pero ellos ya se habían comido el pastel. Que faena!!!!!!! me quedé sin pastel!!!!<br /><br />Como vemos en esta última tenemos una acción "<span style="font-weight: bold;">had eaten</span>" que es past perfect y que ocurre antes que otra acción que está en past simple "arrived".<br /><br />Espero que os quede claro la diferencia entr uno y el otro. Como siempre, si tenéis dudas escribidme.<br /><br />algunos ejercicios extra aquí:<br /><a href="http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-pasper/exercises"><br />http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-pasper/exercises</a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-pasper/exercises?ex02">http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-pasper/exercises?ex02</a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-pasper/exercises?ex05">http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-pasper/exercises?ex05</a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs11.htm">http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs11.htm</a>peter fhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15361023615043377843noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-18874994661547098032011-12-13T16:14:00.002+01:002014-06-16T15:16:04.310+02:00contables o incontablesHola a tod@s.<br />
<br />
Para decidir si una palabra es contable o incontable debemos pesar que no hablamos de su significado sino de la palabra en cuestión.<br />
Muchas veces mis alumnos me dicen que la palabra money es contable y yo siempre les contesto lo mismo. La palabra es incontable. No se puede contar un dinero, dos dineros, tres dineros pero si que podemos contar monedas o billetes o euros o dolares, etc... pero en estos casos estamos contando otras palabras y no la palabra dinero. Lo mismo pasa con la palabra leche. No podemos contar est palabra: una leche , dos leches, tres leches. Sino que contamos la palabra litros, o la palabra botella, etc..<br />
<br />
De todas formas las palabras incontables en inglés pueden ser un poc diferentes al castellano.<br />
Aquí tenéis unas pocos ejemplos.<br />
Serán incontables: los líquidos, lo que sea en polvo (harina, azucar, etc) o granos pequeños (arroz), productos que vengan de masas grandes (queso, pizza, pan, mantequilla).<br />
<br />
A veces puede ocurrir que una palabra pueda considerarse contable o incontable. Me explico.<br />
Coffee puede ser incontable cuando hablamos del café en general o puede ser contable cuando pedimos " a coffe" en un restaurante. Se sobre entiende que "a coffee" es " a cup of coffee".<br />
Cuando hablamos de los tipos de alimentos en general solemos decir que son palabras incontables. Por ejemplo carne "meat" o pescado "fish" o verdura "vegetables".<br />
<br />
algunos ejercicios para que practiquéis. Si tenéis dudas me dejáis mensajes.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercise-countable-uncountable-nouns.php">http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercise-countable-uncountable-nouns.php</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://esl.about.com/library/beginner/blmuchmany.htm">http://esl.about.com/library/beginner/blmuchmany.htm</a>peter fhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15361023615043377843noreply@blogger.com10tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-38689899492147334532011-12-13T15:30:00.005+01:002011-12-13T16:13:26.359+01:00A LOT OF, MUCH, MANYPara los castellano parlantes es dificil usar correctamente estas palabras. Os cuento la confusion que veo en mis alumnos. Por ejemplo la palabra "much" se parece a "mucho" y por tanto tendemos a usarla en un contexto equivocado.<br />truco para no confundirse usar siempre "a lot of" tanto en frases afirmativas como en negativas y preguntas. "A lot of" significa muchos/as y siempre va acompañado de un nombre. El nombre puede ser contable o incontable. Por tanto es mas fácil de lo que pueda parecer ya que, como he dicho antes, lo podemos usar en todos los casos.<br />Os pongo ejemplos:<br /><br />There are <span style="font-weight: bold;">a lot of</span> <span style="color: rgb(0, 102, 0); font-weight: bold;">cars</span> in the street. (en afirmativa con nombre contable).<br />There is <span style="font-weight: bold;">a lot of</span> <span style="color: rgb(204, 0, 0); font-weight: bold;">milk</span> in the fridge. (en afrimativa con nombre incontable).<br />There are<span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 204); font-weight: bold;">n't</span><span style="font-weight: bold;"> a lot of</span> cars in the street. (igual que antes pero en negación).<br /><br />Y así en todos los casos que nos podamos imaginar.<br /><br />¿Qué otras expresiones parecidas nos podemos encontrar? Pues que "a lot of" pierda el "of".<br />Esto es fácil. Cuando lo encontremos a final de frase sin nombre perderá el "of".<br />Veamos ejemplo:<br /><br />A: How many cars are there in the street?<br />B: There are <span style="font-weight: bold;">a lot</span>.<br /><br />Podemos tener tambien "lots of" en lugar de " a lot of" son equivalentes.<br />ejempl. There are <span style="font-weight: bold;">a lot of</span> cars. There are <span style="font-weight: bold;">lots of</span> cars.<br /><br />¿Que pasa entonces con "much" y "many"?<br />Normalmente son más especificos y se usan normalmente en frases negativas para decir que no hay mucho o interrogativas. Al ser más especifico debemos poner (not) much + nombre incontable y (not) many+ nombre contable.<br />Cuando escribo (not) significa que irá una negación, no sólo el "not". Por ejemplo en presente podríamos tener isn't, aren't, don't, doesn't, can't, etc... y en pasado didn't, etc.. y en futuro won't, etc.<br /><br />Veamos unos ejemplos para que quede más claro:<br /><br />There isn't much milk in the fridge.<br />There aren't many cars in the street.<br /><br />Si os fijáis, la última frase ( de los coches en la calle) es igual que la que hemos escrito anteriormente con "a lot of". Es porque a lot of se puede usar en todos los casos y por tanto son frases equivalentes. Ahora bien, ¿qué es más correcto?. Si tenemos una negación o pregunta usar "much" o "many" será lo más correcto y si hay una afirmativa sólo se puede usar "a lot of".<br /><br />Otras combinaciones con "much" o "many" y que <span style="font-weight: bold;">SI</span> podemos encontrar en afirmativo pueden ser:<br /><br />So much+nombre ------> tanto/a <br />There is so much rice that we don't need to buy more for one week.<br /><br />too much+ nombre ------> demasiado<br />There is too much water in the bath.<br /><br />so many+nombre-----------> tantos/as<br />there are so many cars that we are not going to arrive on time.<br /><br />Too many+ nombre---------> demasiados<br />There are too many cars.<br /><br />Ya veremos estas combinaciones y más en otro apartado.<br />Ahora podéis practicar en estos links:<br /><br /><a href="http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/vocabulary/much-many">http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/vocabulary/much-many</a> en la parte final de la explicación.<br /><br /><a href="http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=2117">http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=2117</a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=3198">http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=3198</a><br /><br /><a href="http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercise-many-lot.php">http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercise-many-lot.php</a>peter fhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15361023615043377843noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-78930191040121169332009-11-24T13:14:00.005+01:002022-02-15T09:54:08.176+01:00Mas Podcasts<span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 130%;">Hola a todos/as, aquí os dejo un enlace a una página web con podcast que podéis escuchar y leer y casi todos van muy despacio y pronunciando bastante bien.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: 130%;">Tengo que avisar que son en "American English" y ya sabéis que algunas cositas cambiarán un poco pero que la base del idioma es la misma.</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 130%;"><a href="http://www.eslpod.com/">www.eslpod.com</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: 130%;"></span>peter fhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15361023615043377843noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-79076956678643526742009-10-07T23:11:00.005+02:002018-04-25T11:37:10.760+02:00USED, USED TO, BE USED TO, GET USED TO<div align="justify">
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;">Hola a todos/as . </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;">Hoy os intentaré explicar las diferencias que hay entre estas cuatro expresiones.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"><b>USED</b>----> Es el pasado del verbo "use" (usar) y se conjuga en pasado como "used" y no tiene nada que ver con las otras tres expresiones. Este verbo lo podemos encontar en los diferentes tiempos verbales ( presente simple, pasado, etc) sin ninguna otra estructura detrás que lo acompañe.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: #006600;">She <span style="color: #cc0000;">used</span> the car to go to the school</span>-----Ella usó el coche para ir a la escuela.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"><b>USED TO</b>----> Es otro verbo distinto que significa " solía". Siempre encontramos otro verbo detrás que debe ir en forma base ( para mí la forma base es el verbo tal cual sin nada delante ni nada por detras, en muchos libros encontraréis que pone infinitivo. Resulta que en inglés hay tres formas que se traducen en castellano como infinitivo. Por ejemplo tenemos "eat", " to eat", "eating". Por tanto me gusta llamar a la forma "eat" forma base ya que sólo tiene el verbo y nada más) </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;">Hay que tener cuidado porque en castellano podemos decir "suelo hacer" en presente , pero en inglés sólo se usa para alguna acción que solíamos hacer que ahora ya no hacemos. Si queremos deir que sueles hacer algo en presente deberíamos utilizar el adverbio de frecuencia "usually" y no "use to" .</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="color: #006600; font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;">I <span style="color: #cc0000;">used to eat</span> bananas when I was four, but now I can't stand them.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;">Sólia comer plátanos cuando tenía 4 años pero ahora no las soporto.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="color: #006600; font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;">I <span style="color: #cc0000;">usually</span> go to the cinema with my friends.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;">Suelo ir al cine con mis amigos.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"><b>BE USED TO</b>---> Se usa con otro verbo detrás pero esta vez el verbo debe ir con "ing".</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;">BE USED TO + verb-ing . significa que estoy acostumbrado a hacer algo.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: #006600;">I' <span style="color: red;">m used to eating</span> out</span>----- Estoy acostumbrado a comer fuera ( de casa, por ejemplo en el trabajo o en restaurantes, etc)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"><b>GET USED TO +VERB-ING</b>----> Se parece al anterior en la estructura pero su significado es ligeramente distinto. Significa que estas acostumbrandote, que estas en ello y que seguramente acabarás por acostumbrarte.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"><span style="color: #006600;">I' <span style="color: #cc0000;">m getting used to eating</span> the food in England</span>---Me estoy acostumbranto a comer la comida de Inglaterra.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;">Cómo podéis ver tanto "be" de la expresión "be used to" y "get" de la expresion "get used to" pueden tambier estar conjugados en presente en pasado en presente continuo, etc...</span> , po ejemplo: </div>
<div align="justify">
</div>
<div align="justify">
I <span style="color: #cc0000;">get</span> used to driving on the left.--- Me acostumbro a conducir por la izquierda.</div>
<div align="justify">
I <span style="color: #cc0000;">got</span> used to driving on the left.---Me acostumbré a conducir por la izquierda.</div>
<div align="justify">
I' <span style="color: #cc0000;">m getting</span> used to driving on the left---Me estoy acostumbrando a conducir por la izquierda.<br />
<span style="font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 130%;">Otra cosa a tener en cuenta es que ademas podemos usar un nombre detrás de estas expresiones en vez de una acción. Por ejemplo, recuperando el último ejemplo tendríamos:</span><br />
<span style="color: #006600; font-size: 130%;">I' m getting used to <span style="color: #cc0000;">eating</span> the food in England.</span><br />
<span style="color: #006600; font-size: 130%;">I' m getting used to <span style="color: #cc0000;">the food</span> in England.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 130%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;">Ahora a practicar...</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;">Espero que os haya ayudado, si hay más dudas podéis dejar mensaje.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia"; font-size: 130%;"></span>peter fhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15361023615043377843noreply@blogger.com49tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-61674701555364895872009-08-20T22:00:00.003+02:002009-08-20T22:04:16.195+02:00Buenas vacaciones a todosHola a todos/as,<br />Siento no haber podido escribir en tiempo pero he tenido fin de curso, cambio de casa con mudanza incluida y ahora tengo tres dias de vacaciones propiamente dichas. Así es que os vuelvo a ver cuando empiece el curso y tengáis dudas. Un recuerdo a todos/as.<br />Nos vemos pronto.peter fhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15361023615043377843noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3050707476607358758.post-51441840778391271842009-06-25T14:37:00.002+02:002009-06-25T15:02:17.434+02:00SECOND CONDITIONAL<span style="font-family:verdana;">El second conditional se usa para condiciones irreales, imposibles, improbables, etc. Hablamos siempre de condiciones que se dan en estos momentos y no de algo que sucedió o pudo suceder en el pasado.</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">Para que lo veáis claro, miremos un ejemplo:</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">If I had a lot of money, I would buy a Ferrari.</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">Si tuviera mucho dinero, me compraría un Ferrari.</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">Cómo vemos decimos esta frase refiriéndonos a este momento que estamos viviendo ahora y además vemos que es una condición irreal o imposible ya que nos dice "si tuviera mucho dinero" y en realidad no lo tengo. </span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">Muchas veces explico a mis alumnos que deberíamos usar este tipo de frases condicionales cuando estamos imaginando cosas que no son reales.</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">La extructura que siguen siempre es la misma:</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">IF+PAST SIMPLE</span>, <span style="color:#006600;">WOULD+VERB(FORMA BASE)</span></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;color:#006600;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;color:#000000;">Les podemos dar la vuelta a las dos partes quitando la coma ( como en todas las condicionales).</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">Más ejemplos:</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"><span style="color:#000000;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">If</span> she <span style="color:#ff0000;">ate</span> some meat</span>, she <span style="color:#009900;">would be</span> healthier (but she is vegetarian).</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">Si comiera carne, estaría mas saludable (pero es vegetariana).</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"><span style="color:#ff0000;">If</span> I <span style="color:#ff0000;">were</span> Madonna, I' <span style="color:#009900;">d buy</span> a huge house.</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">Si yo fuera Madonna, Me compraría una casa enorme.</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">En esta última frase podemos encontrar algo especial: primero un "I" con un "were" (es una excepción y se usa para decir "si yo fuera") se usa mucho para dar consejos " si fuera tú....". Y segundo el would apostrofado " 'd" que lógicamente se usa más de forma oral.</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">Con I/he/she/it se debería siempre usar "were" y no "was" (es como un subjuntivo).</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">Para prácticar un poco buscad ejercicios por internet.</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">Si no encontráis nada entrad en:</span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><a href="http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/secondconditional/menu.php"><span style="font-family:verdana;">http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/secondconditional/menu.php</span></a><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;"></span><br /><span style="font-family:verdana;">Si tenéis más dudas me dejáis comentario en este post y estaré contento de poder ayudaros.</span><br /><span style="color:#006600;"></span><br /><span style="color:#006600;"></span><br /><span style="color:#006600;"></span>peter fhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15361023615043377843noreply@blogger.com10